Antibiotics: Overuse
It is important to understand that antibiotics are effective only against bacterial infections and not against viral infections. In most cases, especially in early childhood, illnesses are caused primarily by viruses and only rarely by bacteria.
When Are Antibiotics Necessary?
A paediatrician’s clinical examination and the child’s symptoms and progress are the key factors in determining whether antibiotics are needed.
For example:
- A child with acute bacterial otitis media should receive antibiotics.
- In the case of viral ear infections, monitoring is recommended and antibiotics may be considered based on the child’s clinical symptoms.
In tonsillitis:
- Antibiotics are prescribed only for bacterial infections, such as streptococcal tonsillitis.
- In most cases, particularly in children under two years old, tonsillitis is viral and does not require antibiotics.
For common colds and viral infections, which are frequent in children attending daycare for the first time, antibiotics are unnecessary. Similarly, antibiotics are not recommended for COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Key Points About Antibiotics
- Antibiotics are effective only against bacteria and have no role in viral infections.
- Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance, reducing their effectiveness when truly needed.
- If your child needs antibiotics:
- Follow your paediatrician’s instructions regarding the duration of treatment.
- Avoid shortening the course, as this can reduce its effectiveness.
- Proper use is essential. When prescribed by a doctor, the antibiotics must be taken correctly.
- Always inform your doctor if your child has an allergy to any antibiotic.
Tips:
- Do not pressure your paediatrician to prescribe antibiotics unnecessarily.
- Trust the clinical judgment of your paediatrician.
Note: This article provides general information. Always consult your paediatrician for personalized advice.
Written by Paediatrician Katerina Katsibardi, MD, PhD