Allergies in Children
Common Symptoms of Allergic Reactions
- Skin redness with rashes or swelling.
- Sneezing and coughing.
- Difficulty in breathing.
- Swelling of the eyelids.
- Vomiting and abdominal pain.
The severity of symptoms varies, classifying allergies as:
- Allergic rash
- Acute urticaria
- Allergic shock (anaphylaxis)
Each case requires different management, with severe reactions, such as anaphylaxis, needing immediate referral to a hospital.
What is Anaphylaxis?
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction.
Common causes include:
- Food allergens (e.g., nuts, fish).
- Medications.
- Insect stings (e.g., bees, wasps).
Anaphylaxis occurs quickly, within minutes of exposure to the allergen. Symptoms are severe and may include:
- Breathing difficulties, bronchospasm and laryngeal swelling.
- Circulatory symptoms such as a drop in blood pressure, rapid heartbeat and loss of consciousness.
In such cases, immediate medical attention is critical and the person must be transported to a hospital urgently.
Parental Preparedness
Parents should consult their paediatrician to:
- Learn how to respond in such emergencies.
- Ensure they have the appropriate items in their first aid kit for immediate and effective action.
For children with a history of anaphylaxis, it is recommended to carry a pre-filled adrenaline injector as prescribed by the paediatrician.
Note: This article provides general information. Always consult your paediatrician for personalized advice.
Written by Paediatrician Katerina Katsibardi, MP, PhD
